Combustion chamber



Nov. 15, 1938. B. A. PETERSON 2,135,535

COMBUSTION CHAMBER Filed Jan. 22, 1937 Patented Nov. 15, 1938 [UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COMBUSTION CHAMBER Bernard A. Peterson, Detroit, Mich.

Application January 22, 1937, Serial No. 121,797

4 Claim.

This application relates to combustion chambers, particularly for use with oil burners.

An object of the present inventionis to provide a combustion chamber that will distribute the heat of combustion of an oil flame uniformly throughout a furnace and prevent too rapid an escape of hot gases.

Another object is to provide a combustion chamber that will dampen combustion noise. A principal object is to provide a chamber that, while accomplishing the other objects, will be durable and will withstand the stresses of expansion and contraction. This object is accomplished by building a chamber out of a number of pieces which may expand and contract independently of each other, since they are not cemented together, but merely rest against each other. Thus it is not possible for an internal stress set up at one point of the structure to travel and multiply through a large part of the structure and cause a rupture.

The present construction also has the advantages of providing easy entry into the furnace and easy handling of the individual pieces which comprise the chamber.

In the accompanying drawing,

Fig. 1 is a view of a horizontal combustion chamber;

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2--2, Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows three segments used to make an annulus of the combustion chamber;

Fig. 4 shows a modified three segment chamber.

Referring to the drawing it will be seen that Fig. 1 shows a combustion chamber in the nature of a horizontally disposed cylinder ID of refractory material. The cylinder includes a shell composed of a plurality of segments ll, l2, and I, each of approximately 120 degrees in circular length so that when a group of segments Ii, l2, and M are combined there will be formed a horizontally disposed cylinder.

It will be observed that the base or bottom segments ii are provided with feet or pedestals l5 whereby the segments or the chamber as a whole will not roll when disposed in a furnace.

It will also be observed that in normal use the segments l2--ll are longitudinally spaced to provide vertical slots it which insure superiority of combustion. The length of the chamber, as well as the length of these slots, may be determined by the choice of lengths of the segments and the number of segments used.

The provision of the openings or slots it between the segments-l2-il provides an equalization of the heat released through the openings of the chamber. The concentration of heat at the front of the chamber, which is a common complaint in installations now known, is eliminated.

For closing the forward end of the combustion chamber there is provided an end plate composed i of three sectors matching in contour the segments II, II, and it. These sectors are referenced l1, l8 and I9. Each of these sectors is cut out as at 20 so that when the three sectors are combined, the cut-outs 20 will cooperate to define a round 10 hole through which may be passed a furnace burner pipe. The rear end of the chamber is closed by a plate 2| which is similar to the plate which closes the front end of the combustion chamber and similarly is formed of three sectors. 16 However, this plate is not provided with an opening formed by notching the sectors, but is made solid to act as a target for burner flame.

The combustion chamber can be installed in an already existing furnace by inserting the sec- U tors and segments through the fire door opening of the furnace. Consequently the sectors and segments are proportioned to be insertable into the furnace through such opening.

In addition the sectors and segments are made 35 thick enough to permit them to be assembled and maintained in assembly without the requirement of an adhesive or bond between the sectors and segments. Consequently, during the assembly of a combustion chamber in a furnace so it is not necessary to cement in the combustion chamber pieces, as is true .with combustion chambers formed of fire brick or the like. However, they are also made thin enough to withstand internal stresses due to expansion incident to 35 heating.

' Because of the sectional characteristics of the chamber hereof, it will be understood that the various parts of the chamber are free to expand and contract without causing cracking or break- 40 age of the chamber as a whole. The segments and sectors can move relatively on changes of temperature and thus eliminate difliculties encountered in chambers now known.

It will also be observed that when the combus- 45 tion chamber hereof is assembled in a furnace, it is desirable to provide a fire-resisting cement backing around the lower part of the combustion chamber, namely around the sides of the segments Ii and the ends of the chamber. This 50 backing is not provided to hold the segments in assembly but is provided as a flller between the combustion chamber and the wall of the furnace. The proportions of the segments and sectors are such that they will maintain themselves in 118- I5 semblyina combustionchamberevenduringthe pouring-in and the setting of the cement backing.

To facilitate assembly. it might be desirable to have the base segments ll made slightly more than 180 degrees in length, as shownin Fig.4, rather than 120 degrees in'length, as shown in Figs. 1-8; and it might also be desirable to provide themeeting Odaesofthe segments I l-ll-il withrabbettedgroovesandbeadslltorestrain lateralshiftingofthesegmentsandtopermit longitudinaLahiftin'g of the segments relatively.

Now having ducribed an embodiment of the invention hereof, reference is bad to the claims for a definition of the invention.

1 claim:

1. A chambered hearth comprising a horizontally disposed substantially cylindrical hollow shell divided into and made up of a plurality of arcuate vertically arranged segments disposed in end to end relation and in side to side relation, the segments being contiguous and resting loosely against one another and not being fastened or interlocked to one another, certain of the segments being base segments with the others resting thereon, and discs separate from and independent of the shell and disposed in side to side relation to end ones of the segments and closing the shell at its ends, the discs comprising a plurality of sectors vertically disposed and contiguous and resting loosely against one another and not fastened or interlocked to one another, one of the discs having an aperture therein to receive a Jet or gun typeburner, and the other being solid to form a target for the flame from said burner, certain of said segments being spaced from each other to provide outlet openings for the chamber and longitudinally movable to vary such openings.

2. A chambered hearth comprising a horizontally disposed substantially cylindrical V hollow shell divided into and made up of a plurality of arcuate vertically arranged segments disposed in end to end relation and in side to side relation, the segments being contiguous and resting loosely against one another and not being fastened or interlocked to one another, certain of the segments being base segments with the others resting thereon, and discs separate from and independent of the shell and disposed in side to side relation to end ones of the segments and closing the shell at its ends, the discs comprising a plurality of sectors vertically disposed and contiguous and resting loosely against one another and not fastened or interlocked to one another, one of the discs comprising a plurality of sectors disposed with their radial edges adjacent, the sectors being notched to provide an end wall aper- 1 ture when the sectors are combined into a disc to receive a jet or gun type burner, and the other disc being solid to form a target for the flame from said burner, certain of said segments being spaced from each other to provide outlet openings for the chamber and longitudinally movable to vary such openings. I

3. A chambered hearth comprising a plurality of arc-shaped segments, of refractory material and forming when assembled a unitary hearth chamber substantially cylindrical in shape, the front end of said cylinder having an aperture therein to receive a Jet or gun type burner, and the rear end of the cylinder being solid to form a target for the flame from said burner, certain of said arc shaped segments intermediate the front and rear ends of the chamber being spaced from each other to provide outlet openings for the chamber and longitudinally movable to vary such openings.

4. A chambered hearth comprising a plurality of arc-shaped segments, of refractory material and forming when assembled a unitary hearth chamber substantially cylindrical in shape, the front end of said cylinder having an aperture therein to receive a jet or gun type burner, and the rear end of the cylinder being solid to form a target for the flame from said burner, certain of said are shaped segments being spaced from each other to provide outlet openings for the chamber and longitudinally movable to vary such openings.

BERNARD A. PETERSON. 

